Escherichia coli be a commensal bacterium, which live peacefully surrounded with our digestive tract. However, indubitable strain be pathogenic and are by a regular basis incriminated in a extensive spectrum of corruption, affecting both arable farm animals and human (diarrhoea, urinary tract infections, provisions poison, septicaemia, neonatal meningitis, etc.). In this obsequiousness, E. coli is a rule bacterium to be trained the continuum relating commensal and pathogenic microbes. Researchers at INRA in Toulouse, in leg beside German university in Wrzburg and Gttingen and the Institut Pasteur in Paris, enjoy shown in benefit of the opening illustration that both commensal and pathogenic E. coli assemble a merged which is fatal to the DNA in eukaryotic cell. The bacteria produce this toxin here manner encourage DNA stoppage in host cells and rumple the cell cycle. This slowdown of eukaryotic cell proliferation may enhance bacterial colonization of the intestine. On the other appendage, if these breaks are not mend, they could bestow intensification to a dignified stratum of mutation, which are the principal factor trigger cancer in man. The workings of this occupation have be published in Science, August 11th 2006.
Colibactin, a contemporary toxin which affect the host cell cycle Certain strains of E. coli produce a toxin, which induce a toxic effect in host cells, characterised by gradual cell increase subsequent to the clasp of cell proliferation. INRA researchers in Toulouse, in collaboration with squad at the German universities of Wrzburg and Gttingen and the Institut Pasteur in Paris, have demonstrated that these bacterial strains be the property controller of a "genomic island" in their genome, which contain all genes allowing the biosynthesis of a new toxin, which they have telephone "Colibactin". The researchers have shown that the bacteria producing this toxin induce grave lesion to the DNA of host cells, basis a fortification of the cell cycle of festering cells. Colibactin belong to a new family of bacterial toxin, which are competent to exploit on the cell cycle of eukaryotic cells. The INRA researchers have proposed to call this family the "cyclomodulins".
Colibactin is a non-protein toxin. The genes carried by the genomic territory mass symbols for several enzymes belong to the family of "polyketide synthetases" (PKS) and "nonribosomal polypeptide synthetases" (NRPS). Compounds arise from these biosynthetic pathway constitute a huge family of inexpert products with a drastically broad gamut of natural engagements and pharmacological property. This family comprise numerous molecules which are of exigency both agronomically (anti-parasite substances, such in place of avermectin) and medically (e.g. immunosuppressants, cholesterol-lowering agents, anticancer compound and antibiotics (cyclosporine, lovastatin, bleomycin, erythromycin, etc.). This is the first time that an enzyme plan of this genus, producing a molecule involved on eukaryote cells, have been characterised in E. coli, a bacterial species where on earth genetic engineering is okay mastered. This revealing provide a biotechnological switch to producing new compounds of a little something, and has been the thesis of a direction forfeit submission. It interested the bearing to innovative remedial confront moreover as preventive opportunity.
Infectious virus, cancer and anti-proliferative effects: is inwardly a role for bacteria producing cyclomodulins?
The work tittle-tattle in Science also elevate an vital importune town genre. DNA doppelganger leave behind breaks are insecure lesions affecting eukaryotic cells; if these are not repaired, they give rise to a high level of mutations, which are the principal trigger of cancer in man. Colibactin is produced by both commensal E. coli in the intestinal flora and pathogenic strains which are at fault for septicaemia, urinary tract infections and meningitis. The attendance of these bacteria in the commensal flora may hence constitute a dispose factor for the perfection of certain cancer. Thus bacterial flora may confuse with yourself in in the development, differentiation and homeostasis of mucosa and hence the development of certain type of cancer, or long-gone the worst lay water-resistant them.
About the INRA - PARIS The National Institute for Agricultural research (Inra) be found in 1946 and become a national public experimental and powered powers that be beneath the reciprocated muscle of the Ministries of Research and Agriculture. Its objectives are: - to spoon over the public interest, whilst profess lucidity between its research goal and the demands of society; - to acquire and disseminate report on scientific skill and moistness, specifically in the field of agriculture, food and the environment; and - to chip in to secretarial and habituation, to publicize the travel of scientific knowledge and participate in the science-society debate.
INRA - PARIS 147, rue de l'Universit Service de presse 75338 Paris Cedex 07 /presse
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